Lola Awoniyi-Oteri博士如何通过节省和移动管理发明优化5G

5G的能力to connect millions of cellular-enabled devices for countless applications doesn’t just pop into existence overnight. Transmitting data through high radio frequency bands requires precise calculations about energy and positioning, especially across long distances and with large amounts of information. Modern mobile devices are smaller and more powerful than ever and conserving energy and managing connections requires new advancements and ingenuity in wireless technology. Dr. Lola Awoniyi-Oteri, a Principal Systems Engineer in Research and Development at Qualcomm Technologies, knows all about these breakthroughs of power savings and mobility management for 5G – she invented many of them.

萝拉（Lola）在尼日利亚长大，对她带来的技术产生了热爱，她将其带到美国，她获得了学士学位。通过与克拉克亚特兰大大学和佐治亚理工学院的联合计划，电气工程学士学位。之后，她获得了硕士学位和博士在2008年加入高通大学之前，在斯坦福大学的同一领域。

Optimizing power savings for 3G devices was one of her first assignments when she arrived at Qualcomm. Now, Lola focuses on standardization, research, and development of5G millimeter wave设备，特别是在移动管理和功率效率的相同领域。她的专利和发明列表涵盖了广泛的领域，包括涉及蜂窝和卫星网络的广泛网络技术，以及诸如此类的局域网技术蓝牙and无线上网。Lola的发明有助于减少功耗，同时增强网络移动性以及3G，4G和5G连接的移动用户体验。总的来说，她负责无线通信领域的300多个全球专利和应用。

要了解有关她的发明的更多信息，她为什么成为发明家，以及她如何相信别人可以成功，我们与Lola坐下来进行对话。

Did you always know you wanted to be an inventor?

Actually, I always wanted to be an inventor because of a book I read growing up. The book is called Men of Purpose by Peter Masters. It talked about scientists and inventors like Michael Faraday – who came up with equations that perfectly describe electricity – along with Lord Kelvin (whom the temperature scale is named after) and James Maxwell, the father of the field of electromagnetism.

我父亲是一名电气工程师，这就是我对工程学的兴趣。我看到他在尼日利亚部署了固定的房东和无线通信系统，并见证了这如何改变社区和国家，甚至如何改变国家。当我遇到这本书时，我看到了Faraday从根本上改变了他的发现和发明的整个电概念。看到工程和发明对人类的影响会激发我了解更多有关技术以及如何利用技术的信息。

因此，您会说这本书，有目的的人，对您的生活产生了重大影响吗？

我会先说我父亲，然后再说这本书。我父亲是一名电信工程师，他将我和我的姐妹们揭露了他从事的技术。例如，在尼日利亚，每个州都有自己的独立日庆祝活动，因为没有任何全国广播系统。当我六岁的时候，我的父亲是负责项目的首席工程师，该项目为全国广播公司建立了第一个卫星系统，我很高兴我有前排坐下来观察该项目的进度。在发射的那天，全国各地的人们观看了首都的独立日庆祝活动，这要归功于我父亲。那时我知道，如果您真正了解技术，就可以真正改变。我记得就像昨天一样。

That experience triggered my interest in the sciences and engineering, and as a result, in high school my favorite subject was physics. Naturally, I studied engineering in college because it allowed me to apply many of the principles of physics I learned growing up and gave me the opportunity to put things together and extend knowledge.

您如何向某人解释您的专利和发明如何帮助他们享受5G连接？

我的某些发明使最终用户可以享受5G承诺的高速，而无需牺牲电池寿命。通常，5G设备使用Sub 6GHz或毫米波频率进行通信。毫米波带为通信提供了更大的带宽，这意味着可以在网络上支持更高的数据速率和更多的用户。但是，随着这个较大的带宽，人们开始考虑需要多少功耗。换句话说，我们希望利用更大的带宽，但同时，我们希望交付不会太快消耗功率的设备。这是节省力量的地方。

Given this challenge, the question really is, “how do we harness the 5G millimeter wave benefits while enabling efficient power consumption on 5G devices?” With this problem statement, and the knowledge of how the device communicates with the network, as well as existing power savings techniques, we can develop different approaches to enable efficient power consumption on 5G devices. As an example, a power saving approach could be ensuring that the device is not monitoring control channels all the time, specifically, allowing the device to only monitor control channels frequently enough that when the network needs to ping the device, it still can do so without draining too much power. Other approaches include using only the required resources for communication. For example, while receiving data from the network, one antenna may be sufficient for the communication instead of activating multiple antennas on the device which would lead to significant battery drain. By investigating and evaluating some of these approaches, we can develop interesting and innovative power saving ideas one step at a time.

发明涉及5G MMWAVE机动性和功率效率的关键技术的过程是什么？

从一个想法到口袋里的设备需要一段时间。该过程通常始于工程师考虑需要解决的5G MMWAVE中的重大问题。一个很好的例子是我之前提到的关于节能的一个例子。在这种情况下，我们知道我们要利用毫米波带中可用的较大带宽来实现更高的数据速率和新兴无线应用程序的容量，但是，这将消耗多少功率，我们如何降低成本？下一步是缩小问题的范围，直到明确定义问题陈述为止。从确定重大问题到定义问题陈述的旅程可能需要数年。

一旦明确定义了问题，我们就可以开始研究解决方案并继续完善它们，直到已经确定了一个或多个可行的解决方案并证明解决该问题为止。然后，我们开始针对适当的标准开发组织（SDO）提出所选解决方案，并开始与其他公司合作，以获得将采用解决方案的共识。在SDO中驾驶共识以定义无线功能的规格，甚至需要几年的时间，甚至更多。然后，产品团队采用规格并围绕它们构建产品和服务。188bet上不了如您所见，想法可能需要数年的时间才能从想法发展为最终用户享受的设备。

In the mobile industry, going from one generation of a device to another can roughly be calculated as a 10-year window. For example, once 4G was standardized and we started working on ideas for 5G, it was around 10 years before 5G was a reality. It is also important to realize that a given generation typically has multiple releases which incorporate new features. For example, once the first release of 5G (Release 15) was standardized, further modifications or additions to the features in the specifications are ratified in subsequent releases. The 5G Release 16 was available a few years after Release 15, we are currently working on Release 17 and planning the scope for Release 18 features.

How does the culture of Qualcomm support your ability to invent and create new technologies?

高通将员工置于发明和发展创新的想法。例如，在高通公司都有许多人可以参加的无线通信课程。如果您不熟悉5G或希望深入了解5G特定领域的更多细节，那么高通公司的课程就有各种5G受试者的课程。对于一个新手发明或只是试图理解空间的个人，高通提供了很多此类资源，以使您迅速发展。

我喜欢高通的另一件事是知识渊博的人。当我上学毕业时，有一些概念，我必须阅读一本教科书数月以来，试图理解它们。在高通公司，从您的走廊上有一些专家，您可以走进他们的办公室并与他们交谈20分钟，您立即了解问题或概念的症结所在。与这样的专家访问确实使您成为发明家的生活变得轻松，因为就像我之前说的那样，知道存在的是发展新创新思想的好起点。

Qualcomm has created this ecosystem that attracts experts. You have experts in the field with in-depth knowledge to equip you with whatever you want to know about 5G. You have people who understand the specifications back to front and front to back.

高通的协作环境也很棒。我从事的任何想法，我正在与团队合作。我们正在集思广益并将新想法汇总在一起，这是我工作中最有趣的部分之一。我们都在努力创建新产品和服务，我真的很喜欢被他们领域的专家所包围，并且也被驱动着有所作为188bet上不了。

您会给年轻的发明家提供什么建议？

我记得读过有目的的人，找到了所有这些发明的人，我想：“哦，这是不可能的！”现在，经过多次过程，我意识到真正重要的是对任何特定领域都有兴趣，花了足够的时间来了解现有的知识体系并确定空间中的重大问题。这些是您开始发明并提出创新想法所需的成分。

Once you come up with ideas, then you investigate ways to evaluate them. To do this, we have simulations and prototyping platforms, where you can experiment with some of these ideas, asking the questions, "Does it work? Is it effective? " If not, then you go back to the drawing board and refine your ideas until you come up with unique and solid ones.

这绝对是一个漫长的过程。这是迭代的。这不是直接的，您想出的第一个想法并不总是赢。但是想法是坚持下去。我真诚地相信我的内心，只要一个人愿意奉献自己并有兴趣花时间来了解存在什么，问题是什么以及如何开始提出新想法并找到新的想法并找到可行的。